Where, C= charge of cations A=charge of anions, V= the total number of valence electrons, M= Monovalent atoms and H stands for the ultimate hybridization value. The understanding of chemical reactions and physical properties can be better understood with the visualization in a 3-dimensional platform.Īnd, this visualization of the orientation of atoms inside any simple or complex compound is based on the hybridization concept.Ī simple formula to check out the hybridization number is: The way we draw the structure of molecular compounds on paper is just a two-dimensional form. The hybridization of I3 (Triiodide ion) is sp3d. Checking the formal charge, we put the negative charge outside as per the diagram above. Hence, the iodine atom at the center in between the other two atoms is going to have 3 lone pairs(6) electrons with itself.įorming the single bonds with the other two iodine, we find out that there are 3 lone pairs and 2 bond pairs for the central iodine.ĥ. of valence electrons (step1) needs to be considered. This step is concerned with the octet rule fulfillment.Īccording to the octet rule, the highest multiple of 8 under the total no. As you can see in the above diagram, the skeletal structure of I3 with the negative charge has been drawn.Ĥ. Since all the atoms are iodine, one of these plays the role of the central atom.ģ. Total number of valence electrons = 3*7+ 1Ģ. We also have an additional electron to provide the overall negative charge to the I3 molecule. The atomic number is 53 and it consists of 7 electrons in the outermost shell. I3 consists of 3 iodine present in its molecule. If we can confirm that all the atoms inside a given molecule are maintaining their formal charges at their lowest value, our Lewis structure is complete.Ĭalculation of formal charge is done by simply following this easy formula.ġ. We are now done with all kinds of bond formation, The last step is focused on the formal charge concept. For your own ease, try to start with the electropositive ones first.Īfter we have completed octets of atoms around other atoms, we must verify whether more bonds are needed to be formed.ĭouble bonds or if necessary triple bonds are hence formed. So, our duty here is to perform the octet completion. It is basically a thumb rule that states that each atom of a molecule needs to have eight valence electrons (electron count in the outermost shell). Most of you are already familiar with the term ‘octet rule’. This is done to visualize the single bonds in the positions that they are present. The third step is based on sketching the skeleton diagram of the given molecule. This central atom is going to have a larger number of bonding sites with respect to the other elements. In order to do so, we need to check the atom having the highest valence i.e. The first one stands for electron loss while the latter signifies the taking in or gain of negatively charged electrons thus increasing the negative charge of the molecule.Īfter we have measured the total number of valence electrons, we have to find out which one is the central atom. While doing so, we have to deal with two signs: the positive or the ‘+’ sign and the negative or the ‘-’ sign. To find out the Lewis structure of I3, let us check all the steps in the following process.Īt the very beginning, we need to calculate the total valence electron number. It is a key concept to understand the characteristics and hybridization of a molecule since it helps us draw the chemical structure. Well, Lewis Structure is the name given to the diagrammatic representation of chemical bonding occurring between atoms inside a molecule.Īlso known as Lewis electron dot structures, it is based upon the octet rule of valence electrons. Why is it so necessary to have an idea on this topic? Anyone wanting to know in-depth about a molecule needs to learn about the Lewis Structure.
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